Which outcome occurs when large-eddy simulation uses insufficient grid resolution near a solid surface?

💡 Explanation

When grid resolution is insufficient near a wall in LES, the subgrid-scale (SGS) model incorrectly dissipates energy because the smallest resolved scales still contain significant turbulent kinetic energy. Therefore under-resolved turbulent kinetic energy occurs, rather than the coefficient increase, CFL violation, or suppression, which are connected to modeling parameters or fluid conditions far from physical scales.

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