Why does antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) targeting virally infected cells trigger collateral tissue damage during a strong immune response?

💡 Explanation

ADCC induces NK cells to release cytotoxic granules near the antibody-bound target, causing localized lysis of both infected and adjacent uninfected bystander cells, because perforin and granzymes are released in proximity. Therefore, collateral damage occurs via bystander lysis, rather than T-regulatory cell activity, which is immunosuppressive.

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