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Which outcome occurs when a catalytic converter operates at excessively lean air-fuel mixture?

A)Sulfur poisoning deactivating the catalyst
B)Increased conversion of NOx pollutants
C)Methane slip due to incomplete oxidation
D)Thermal runaway damaging the substrate

💡 Explanation

When lean conditions occur, excess oxygen promotes sulfur oxidation to SO2, which strongly binds to the catalytic sites, causing sulfur poisoning hindering catalyst functionality because chemisorption occurs. Therefore, sulfur poisoning results, rather than NOx conversion, methane slip, or thermal runaway that require rich mixtures or uncontrolled exotherms.

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